Track Categories

The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.

Track 1 : Novel Coronaviruses (COVID-19)

Coronaviruses are an outsized family of viruses which can cause illness in animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory infections starting from the cold to more severe diseases like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The foremost recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.

Track 2 : Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases

Emerging diseases are those whose incidence in humans has increased in the past two decades, and re-emergence is the reappearance of a known disease after a significant decline in incidence.4 The magnitude of the problem is illustrated by the appearance of several new pathogens causing disease of marked severity, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other retroviruses, arenaviruses, Hantaviruses and the Ebola virus. Old pathogens such as cholera, plague, dengue hemorrhagic fever and yellow fever have re-emerged and are having considerable impact in the Americas.

Re-emerging, or resurging, diseases are those that have been around for decades or centuries, but have come back in a different form or a different location. Examples are West Nile virus in the Western hemisphere, monkeypox in the United States, and dengue rebounding in Brazil and other parts of South America and working its way into the Caribbean.

HIV/AIDS
Malaria and Tuberculosis
Influenza
SARS
Ebola
Nipah
West Nile Virus
Monkey pox

Track 3 : Vaccine Research & Development

Vaccine Development is an activity that focuses on a variety of technological initiatives and applied research, which enhance and promote improved systems and practices for vaccine safety. In the past year, the unprecedented Ebola disease outbreak galvanized research and industry response and as we continue to search for solutions, we must review the lessons learned in order to overcome the current challenges. Vaccines development is a long, complex process, often lasting 10-15 years and involving a combination of public and private involvement. The current system for developing, testing, and regulating vaccines developed during the 20th century as the groups involved standardized their procedures and regulations.

Basic Vaccinology
Vaccines discovery, development & formulation
Vaccine Management & Quality Assurance
Vaccine Immunoinformatics

Track 4 : Influenza and Respiratory Diseases

Population protection by vaccination against infections has been one of the major achievements of public health and is of considerable importance in controlling respiratory diseases.

Vaccine against the Influenza Virus
Vaccine against Pertussis
Vaccine against Tuberculosis
Vaccine against Streptococcus Pneumonia

Track 5 : Vaccines Bioprocessing and Manufacturing

The vaccine industry, particularly, in major Western markets, continues to be dominated by a few major, long-established players that primarily manufacture aging, long-marketed, non-recombinant (nongenetically engineered) vaccines. The industry, however, will be changing in the coming years and this change may come rather rapidly.

Track 6 : Vaccines Pre-Clinical Validation to Clinical Trials

Assess how to improve your clinical trial performance, from developing novel immunological assays to creating clinical efficacy.

Track 7 : Anti-Microbial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to both human and animal health today. AMR can affect anyone, of any age, and in any country. It can lead to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and possibly death.

AMR occurs when germs that can cause infections, such as bad bacteria, become resistant to medicines, such as antibiotics, used to kill them.

There is a growing appreciation for the role of vaccines in confronting the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Vaccines can reduce the prevalence of resistance by reducing the need for antimicrobial use and can reduce its impact by reducing the total number of cases.

Role of Vaccines in Combating Antibioticâ€Resistant Bacteria

Vaccines as part of antibiotic stewardship
Prevent bacterial infections and avoid need for antibiotics
Prevent use of antibiotics for viral infections
Reduce transmission of antibioticâ€resistant strains
Develop new vaccines to target resistant pathogens
Assess regulatory pathways and clinical trial designs to facilitate vaccine development
Understand vaccine markets and incentives to support R&D for new vaccines

Track 8 : Vaccines Technology

Increasing and evolving demands for all types of products creates new challenges for vaccine manufacturers. As the market grows, innovative approaches to development and production will be needed to accelerate the delivery of novel products.

Health policy-makers are encouraging the use of new technology to meet these challenges and make vaccines more accessible.

DNA delivery technologies
Needle-free vaccine delivery
Nanopatch Technologies
Delivery systems for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines

Track 9 : Cancer Research and Immunotherapy

Immunotherapeutics is a treatment that uses your body's immune system to help fight cancer. Get information about the different types of immunotherapy and the types of cancer they are used to treat. The main types of immunotherapy now being used to treat cancer include:

Cancer vaccines
Monoclonal antibodies
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Other, non-specific immunotherapies

Some types of immunotherapy are also sometimes called biologic therapy or biotherapy.

In the last few decades immunotherapy has become an important part of treating some types of cancer. Newer types of immune treatments are now being studied, and they’ll impact how we treat cancer in the future.

Immunotherapy includes treatments that work in different ways. Some boost the body’s immune system in a very general way. Others help train the immune system to attack cancer cells specifically. Immunotherapy works better for some types of cancer than for others. It’s used by itself for some of these cancers, but for others it seems to work better when used with other types of treatment.

Feline Leukemia Vaccines
Cancer Immunotherapy Biomarkers
Non-specific cancer immunotherapies and adjuvants
Oncolytic viral therapies
Gene-therapy
CAR T-Cell Therapy

Track 10 : Vaccines Safety and Efficacy

Vaccines are the best defense we have against serious, preventable and sometimes deadly contagious diseases. Vaccines are some of the safest medical products available, but like any other medical product, there may be health risks. Accurate information about the value of vaccines as well as their possible side-effects helps people to make informed decisions about vaccination. The safety of vaccines is carefully monitored, starting early in the product development and continuing for as long as the vaccine is being used. Find out about what is done before and after vaccines are approved for use and what is known about the benefits and safety of specific vaccines. There is a lot of false information about vaccines safety on the Internet. This can be confusing. Discover the answers to common questions and concerns about vaccines.

Vaccine Administration, Storage & Handling
Factors Influencing Vaccine efficacy
Vaccine safety communication
Vaccine Safety Monitoring and Vaccine Pharmacovigilance
Patient and Public acceptance and perceptions
Post marketing surveillance of Vaccines

Track 11 : Veterinary Vaccines

Veterinary vaccines are to improve the health and welfare of companion animals, cost-effectively increase the production of livestock, and prevent animal-to-human transmission from both domestic animals and wildlife. Several vaccine types can de be distinguished among the second-generation veterinary vaccines, depending on whether they are live or inactivated, according to the strain of rabies virus used and the characteristics of the cell-substrate chosen for viral replication. More recently a third generation of live veterinary rabies vaccine has been developed using recombinant technology. Depending upon the expression system these vaccines are used either parenterally or orally. Oral rabies vaccines are widely used in foxes in Europe and raccoons in the USA.

Current status of Veterinary Vaccines
Safety or efficacy of a Veterinary medicine
Vaccines for Livestock Diseases
Animal health outcomes
Recent Advances in Animal Vaccination

Track 12 : Hepatitis Vaccines

Viral hepatitis is a genuine medical issue everywhere throughout the world. Notwithstanding, the decrease of the bleakness and mortality because of immunizations against hepatitis A and hepatitis B has been a noteworthy segment in the general lessening in antibody preventable infections. We will examine the study of disease transmission, immunization advancement, and post-inoculation impacts of the hepatitis A and B infection. Furthermore, we examine endeavors to give the hepatitis D antibody to the 350 million people tainted with hepatitis B all around. Given the absence of a hepatitis C antibody, the numerous difficulties confronting the generation of a hepatitis C immunization will be appeared, alongside present and previous inoculation trials. As there is no present FDA-endorsed hepatitis E immunization, we will introduce inoculation information that is accessible in whatever is left of the world. At last, we will talk about the current difficulties and inquiries confronting future undertakings for every one of the hepatitis infections, with endeavors proceeding to center on significantly diminishing the dismalness and mortality related to these genuine contaminations of the liver.

Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D

Track 13 : HIV/AIDS Vaccines

The long-term aim is to develop a non-toxic and effective vaccine that defends people worldwide after getting infected with HIV. However, even if a vaccine only defends some people who get vaccinated, or even if it affords less than total protection by reducing the threat of infection, it could still have a major impact on the rates of transmission and help control the pandemic, particularly for populations at high risk of HIV infection. A partially effective vaccine could decrease the number of people who get infected with HIV, further reducing the number of people who can pass the virus on to others. By considerably reducing the number of new-fangled infections, we can stop the widespread.

HIV Vaccine Strategies
T cell-based Vaccines
B cell-based Vaccines
Innate & Mucosal Immunity
Viral Vaccine Vectors

Track 14 : Preventable Disease Vaccines

An antibody preventable sickness is an irresistible malady for which a compelling preventive immunization exists. On the off chance that a man procures an immunization-preventable ailment and passes on from it, the demise is viewed as an antibody preventable passing.

Diphtheria
Haemophilus influenzae serotype b disease
Meningitis
Tuberculosis
Yellow fever
Mumps
Measles

Track 15 : Immuno-Pathology

The branch of medicine which deals with immune responses associated with disease is termed as Immunopathology. It includes the study of the pathology of an organism, organ system, or disease with respect to the immune system, immunity, and immune responses. According to biology, it refers to damage caused to an organism by its own immune response, as a result of an infection. It could be due to mismatch between pathogen and host species, and often occurs when an animal pathogen infects a human.

Clinical Pathology
Molecular Pathology
Hematopathology
Histopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Anatomical Pathology
Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology
Digital Pathology

Track 16 : Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of biological organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye (without using such tools as the magnifying glass or microscope etc). It is therefore dedicated to studying the lives and characteristics of a wide variety of organisms ranging from bacteria and archaea to parasitic worms in their environments.

Microbiology has proved to be one of the most important disciplines in biology, making it possible to identify how some of these organisms cause diseases, discover cures for such diseases and even use some microbes for industrial purposes etc.

Cellular Microbiology
Molecular Microbiology
Bacteriology
Parasitology
Medical Microbiology
Microbial biotechnology
Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Veterinary Microbiology
Protozoology
Phycology
Mycology
Nematology
Microbial Cytology
Microbial Physiology
Microbial Ecology
Microbial Genetics

Track 17 : Clinical Immunology - Current & Future Research

Immunology is the branch of the medical and biological sciences which focused on the study of the immune system. Protection from infection through various lines of defense is done by Immune System. Changes in the functionality of the Immune system can result in disease, such as autoimmunity, allergy and cancer. The development of many common disorders not traditionally viewed as immunologic, including metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s are contributed by Immune responses.

Viral Immunology
Tumor Immunology
Cancer Immunology
Transplantation Immunology
Ocular Immunology
Parasite Immunology
Neuroendocrine Immunology
Psychoneuro-immunology
Clinical & Diagnostic Immunology

Track 18 : Inflammation and Therapies

Vaccines are potentially beneficial on one hand but causes long term effects on other hand. Extensive use impairs the natural immune system and prone to inflammatory diseases due to the vaccines effect on androgenic immune system. Some of the inflammation requires medications and some self-heal but there are some diseases which cannot fight by body which happens to be metabolic syndrome which are associated with vaccines. Bystander activation and Molecular mimicry and are the possible ways for the vaccines to trigger the auto immune disorders. The therapies have come a long way but need to work depending upon the root cause of all this disease.

Track 19 : Antibodies: Engineering & Therapeutics

The engineered antibodies development led a path for the establishment of novel drug therapeutics. These have certain characteristics in penetrating the complex paths, promotes immune protection, Greater binding strength specifically chosen for the targets, Antibody applications used in various fields includes immunology, biotechnology and therapeutics which shows promising results.

Track 20 : Immuno-Toxicology

The study of toxicity affecting the immune system is known as Immuno-Toxicology, toxin-induced immune dysfunction may take the form of immunosuppression, allergy, autoimmunity, increased vulnerability to cancer, or any number of inflammatory-based diseases or pathologies.

Agents that cause Immune toxicity are classified as:-

Allergy-type: heavy metals, acid anhydrides, penicillin, and propylthiouracil.
Direct immune toxicity: dexamethasone, cyclosporin A, azathioprine, heavy metals, and air pollution.
Indirect Immune toxicity: p, p'-DDE.

Track 21 : Epidemiology and Parasitology

Epidemiology is a Medical Speciality which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.

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Epidemiology is the study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why. Epidemiological information is used to plan and evaluate strategies to prevent illness and as a guide to the management of patients in whom disease has already developed.

Parasitology is a branch of science that is concerned with parasites and parasitism. Parasitism is A form of symbiosis in which one organism (called parasite) benefits at the expense of another organism usually of different species (called host). The association may also lead to the injury of the host. An example of parasitism is the association between the parasitic tapeworms and the vertebrate hosts.

Parasitology has different sub-disciplines:

Medical parasitology:- which deals with the human parasites and the diseases caused by them
Veterinary parasitology:- which deals with animal parasites
Structural parasitology:- which studies the structures of proteins from parasites
Quantitative parasitology:- which is the quantitative study of parasitism in a host population
Parasite ecology:- which studies the ecological impact of parasites

Track 22 : Vaccination Advancement and Immunization

Basically three kinds of vaccination methods are used to provide vaccines like pulse vaccination strategy, ring vaccination and cocooning. Immunization could be a tried tool for dominant and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases and is calculable to avert between two and three million deaths every year. It's one among the foremost efficient health investments, with tried methods. It's clearly defined target groups; it is often delivered effectively through reach activities.

Track 23 : Immuno-Genetics & Immune Tolerance

The branch of medical genetics that explores or Studies the relationship between the immune system and genetics is known as Immunogenetics. Autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are complex genetic traits which results due to the defects in the immune system. Identification of genes defining the immune defects will identify new target genes for therapeutic approaches. Genetic variations also helps to define the immunological pathway leading to disease.

Immune tolerance can be defined as the state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that has the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism. Immune tolerance is important for normal physiology. It can be induced by prior exposure to that specific antigen and contrasts with conventional immune-mediated elimination of foreign antigens.

Tolerance is classified depending on where the state is originally induced—in the thymus and bone marrow or in other tissues and lymph nodes.

Central tolerance: Immune system learns to discriminate self from non-self.
Peripheral tolerance: Preventing over-reactivity of the immune system to various environmental entities such as allergens, gut microbes, etc.

Track 24 : Stem Cell Therapy

The use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition is known as Stem-cell therapy and it is the widely used for Bone marrow transplantation, but some therapies are derived from umbilical cord blood are also in use. Research is underway in-order to develop various sources for stem cells, as well as to apply stem-cell treatments for Neuro-degenerative diseases and conditions such as diabetes and heart disease.

Track 25 : Internal Medicine

The branch and specialty of medicine concerning the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases in adults, especially of internal organs is known as Internal Medicine.

Doctors of internal medicine are also called "internists", are required to have included in their medical schooling and postgraduate training at least three years dedicated to learning how to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases that affect adults.

Sub-Specialities under Internal Medicine:

Cardiology: deals with disorders of the heart and blood vessels
Endocrinology: deals with disorders of the endocrine system and its specific secretions called hormones
Gastroenterology: deals with the field of digestive diseases
Hematology: deals with blood, the blood-forming organs and its disorders
Infectious disease: deals with disease caused by a biological agent such as by a virus, bacterium or parasite
Medical oncology: deals with the study and treatment of cancer
Nephrology: deals with the function and diseases of the kidney
Pulmonology: deals with diseases of the lungs and the respiratory tract
Rheumatology: deals with the medical diagnosis and therapy of rheumatic diseases.

Track 26 : Emergency Medicine

The medical specialty concerned with the care of illnesses or injuries which requires immediate medical attention is known as Emergency Medicine. Emergency physicians care for unexpected and undifferentiated patients of all ages. The primary responsibility is to initiate resuscitation and stabilization and to start investigations and interventions to diagnose and treat illnesses in the acute phase.

In general, Emergency physicians practice in hospital emergency departs, pre-hospital settings such as emergency medical services and intensive care units, but they also work in primary care settings such as urgent care clinics.

Sub-specializations of emergency medicine are:

Disaster Medicine
Medical Toxicology
Ultrasonography
Critical Care Medicine
Hyperbaric Medicine
Sports Medicine
Palliative Care
Aerospace Medicine

Track 27 : Allergy & Asthma

Allergies or allergic diseases are caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. Hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis are few examples for diseases and red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling are the symptoms. Food intolerances and food poisoning are different conditions.

The common long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs is known as Asthma and it is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.

Track 28 : Novel Approaches & New Trends in Vaccines Development

Vaccine development remains challenging due to the highly sophisticated evasion mechanisms of pathogens for which vaccines are not yet available. Recent years have witnessed both successes and failures of novel vaccine design and the strength of iterative approaches is increasingly appreciated. These combine the discovery of novel antigens, adjuvants, and vectors in the preclinical stage with computational analyses of clinical data to accelerate vaccine design.

Track 29 : Immune-disorders

Dysfunction of the immune system is termed as immune disorder. These disorders can be characterized in several different ways:

By the component(s) of the immune system affected
By whether the immune system is overactive or underactive
By whether the condition is congenital or acquired

International Union of Immunological Societies has characterized that, there are more than 150 primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). However, the number of acquired immune-deficiencies exceeds the number of PIDs and suggested that most people have at least one primary immunodeficiency, due to redundancies in the immune system.

Track 30 : Immuno-Informatics

The study of molecules of the immune system by applying informatics techniques. This study aims the efficient and effective prediction of immunogenicity. This may be done at the level of epitopes, sub-unit vaccines, or weakened or inactive pathogens.

The ability of a pathogen or a part or molecule of a pathogen to induce a specific immune response when first exposed to surveillance by the immune system is known as Immunogenicity. The capacity for recognition by the adaptive immune response molecular machinery in a recall response is known as Antigenicity.

Track 31 : Immune Regulation

Immune Regulation is known as regulatory adjustment of the immune system. It has natural and human-induced forms.

Homeostasis in the immune system, whereby the system self-regulates to adjust immune responses to adaptive rather than maladaptive levels by using regulatory T cells, cell signalling molecules.
In Human-Induced form, immune responses are induced, amplified and attenuated or prevented according to therapeutic goals.

Track 32 : Preventive Medicine And Public Health

Preventive Medicine and Public health are about helping individuals to remain healthy and save them from threats to their health. Public health is concerned with protecting the health of entire populations. It offers the prevention of disorders and to promote the health of people. Public Health is a part of sciences, skills, and convictions that is focused on the preservation. The aim of public health is to raise the quality of life through prevention and treatment of disease, including psychological health. This is done through the examination of cases and health indicators, and through the promotion of healthy behaviors. Public health is concerned with the health of the whole population and the prevention of disease from which it suffers. It is also one of the efforts organized by society to protect, promote, and restore the peoples’ health. Public health activities include helping individuals; at different circumstances, they include managing more extensive components that affect the strength of numerous individuals (for example an age-group, an ethnic group, a locality, or a country). The outcome of Public health observation is the identification and prioritization of public health issues the world is facing today, including HIV/AIDS, antibiotic resistance, diabetes, zoonotic diseases, and waterborne diseases. Preventive Medicine and Public health incorporate the interdisciplinary methodologies of epidemiology, biostatistics and health services.

Healthcare
Epidemiology
Healthcare Informatics
Environmental Health
Behavioural Health
Public Policy
Mental Health
Health Economics

Track 33 : Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases are mainly caused by micro-organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites, pathogens. some of these organisms cause diseases. Then any other cause infectious diseases kill more people throughout the world. These infections are mainly caused by germs. we can get infected by touching, eating, drinking, or breathing something. Some of the diseases like measles and chickenpox can also be prevented by vaccines. Hand washing is also a used to prevent infectious diseases.

Bacterial infectious diseases
Neuro infectious diseases
Inflammatory infectious diseases
Rare infectious diseases
Communicable infectious diseases
Viral infectious diseases
Parasitic infectious diseases
Fungal infectious diseases
Protozoal Diseases
Intestinal infectious diseases
Mycobacterial diseases
Influenza (flu)
Kawasaki disease
Airborne
Respiratory tract Infection
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Antimicrobial agents- infectious diseases

Track 34 : Infections: Diagnosis and Control/Prevention

Infections are caused by disease drivers such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Physicians conclude an infection based on symptoms and results of physical tests. Once after confirming the person from infection to a type of illness, they should be aware of the specific infectious agent as varied microbes cause the same infection. As different infectious diseases possess similar kind of symptoms, body fluid samples, reveal the evidential causing agent of our disease.

Clinical approaches like imaging methods such as computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and X-rays reveals condition of the infection. Immunological approach of testing antibody using blood sample and other body fluids of infected person are performed.

Clinical mode of diagnosis
Immunodiagnosis
Molecular techniques
Infection Control/Prevention

Track 35 : Virology and Viral Diseases

Virology is about infections like sub microscopic, parasitic particles of hereditary material contained in a protein coat. There are some viral diseases like customary cold, influenza, rabies, measles, numerous sorts of detachment of the entrails, hepatitis, Dengue fever, yellow fever, polio, smallpox and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There is another type of virus called Herpes simplex virus causes mouth rankles and genital herpes and is under investigation as a possible factor in Alzheimer's. The symptoms of infection may be seen in singular body parts, like skin rashes, hacking, or a runny nose. These symptoms can be prevented by wearing outfits and wearing face veils can help keep diseases from being passed starting with one individual then onto the next.

Track 36 : Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Pediatrics is a subdivision of the science of medicine which includes the medical care of infants, children, and adults. Pediatric infectious diseases are that which is formed due to microorganisms and other microbes like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other pathogens. These types of pathogens infect the children and make them ill causing several problems in the body. These infectious diseases may lead to the problems like Diarrhea and vomiting in babies and infants. When the infections get savior problem, it interrupts the sleeping pattern of babies projecting them with the pain of difficulties. The most common Pediatric infectious diseases are Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Sepsis and the contagious form of infections in babies.